ASTM A106 (Grades A/B/C) covers seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service, widely used in refineries, chemical plants, power stations, boilers and heat-exchangers. Pipes can be hot-finished or cold-drawn, with optional normalizing or stress-relief per service requirements.
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe – Grade & Application Map
Grade | Strength Level | Fabrication/Weldability | Typical Service | Selection Note |
A | Moderate | Excellent | Low/medium-pressure superheated steam, exchanger connections | Cost-effective & easy to fabricate |
B | Balanced | Excellent | Mainstream choice for refinery racks, boiler feedwater, steam headers | Best balance of strength & manufacturability |
C | Higher | Good | Hotter/higher-pressure headers & critical tie-ins | For more demanding stress/temperature windows |
For sour service (H₂S) or specific media, chemistry/hardness can be qualified for compatibility on request.
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe – Key Features & Benefits
High-temperature reliability for continuous operation and thermal cycles.
Pressure capability with appropriate wall schedules (e.g., 40 to XXS).
Weldability with controlled CE; compatible with GTAW/GMAW/SMAW (WPS support available).
Custom heat treatment (N/SR) to stabilize microstructure and dimensions.
Traceability & QA: MTC (3.1), 3rd-party inspection (BV/SGS/TÜV), full batch traceability.

ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe – Dimensions & Delivery
Item | Range / Options |
OD | 21.3–610 mm typical; larger on request |
WT | 2.5–60 mm (schedules aligned with ASME B36.10M) |
Length | 6 m / 12 m fixed; cut-to-length (SRL/DRL available) |
Ends | PE/BE with caps; bevel per spec |
Surface | Black, varnished, epoxy/3LPE per project |
Packing | Bundled or wooden cases; seaworthy reinforcement |
Marking | Standard/grade, heat/batch No., size, HT, inspection status |
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe – Manufacturing & Testing
Step | Practice |
Making | Hot-finish/extrusion + sizing; cold-draw for tighter tolerances |
Heat-treat | Normalizing or stress-relief with recorded furnace charts |
NDE | Ultrasonic/eddy-current; 100% full-length scan optional |
Pressure | Hydrotest or NDE alternative as agreed |
Lab | Chemistry, mechanicals, metallography; optional impact/hardness |
Tolerances | OD/WT/ovality/straightness per spec & PO |

ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe – Typical Industries
Refining & Petrochem: superheated steam, fired-heater connections, process headers
Power & Boiler: feedwater and main steam lines
Gas & Chemical: hot oil, thermal fluids, tracing circuits
Equipment: exchanger/pressure-vessel nozzles (per drawing & approvals)
ASTM A106 Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe – Nearby Standards at a Glance
Standard | Type | Typical Difference | When to Choose |
ASTM A106 | Seamless, high-temperature | Built for continuous high-T/high-P | Go-to for refinery/boiler service |
ASTM A53 | General-purpose (welded/seamless) | More common at ambient/low pressure | Prefer A106 for high-T |
API 5L Gr.B | Line pipe | Suited for transmission pipelines | For process/high-T piping, A106 fits better |
ASTM A333 | Low-temperature service | Impact toughness at low-T | Choose for sub-zero duties |